Graphene is a revolutionary material. It consists of a monoatomic layer of carbon, a million times thinner than a human hair and 2000 times more conductive than copper
Current Density
Copper
500A/cm2
Graphene
1.18 ×10 8 A/cm 2
230,000 x that of copper
“Graphene is a revolutionary material consisting of a monoatomic layer of carbon atoms, tightly bound in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice 2,000 times thinner than a human hair. Because of its tightly bound atomic structure, Graphene is 200 times stronger than steel and has 230,000 times the current density of copper, among other remarkable properties that has branded it “the miracle material”.
Electrical Conductivity
Copper
58 MS/m at 20 °C
Graphene
104 MS/m at 20 °C
80% Greater than Copper
Thermal Conductivity
Copper
386 W/mK
Graphene
5000 W/mK
13x that of copper
Thermal Conductivity
Steel
400 Mpa
Graphene
80, 000Mpa
200x Greater than
Steel
DECARBONIZATION THROUGH GRAPHENE
Decarbonization is the process of reducing or eliminating the use of fossil fuels that release carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, leading to climate change. It involves transitioning from a carbon-based economy to a low or zero-carbon economy, where energy is generated from renewable sources such as solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass
SUPER GRID INFRASTRUCTURE AND RESILIENCY
Graphene production and applications are strong indicators that eventually a graphene superconducting power grid will be introduced and replace conventional power grids. Renewable power sources will become dominant sources of power generation, increase in microgrids and distributed energy, and displace a majority percentage of today’s centralized power plants.
GRAPHENE HYDROKENETIC POWER GENERATION
Because of its unique properties, graphene is expected to play a significant role in improving the construction of hydroelectric plants with stronger concrete and non-oxidizing structural elements, friction reducing coatings, significantly more conductive and efficient transmission lines, and nearly non-degradable graphene composite components - which together will lower construction and maintenance costs, repair and capital replacement expense, as well as improve production and delivery.
CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE AND AIRPORTS
- From graphene transmission cable design and manufacturing to natural gas pipeline coating, graphene coating and composite technology will improve infrastructure resiliency and reduce construction time.
- Thawing permafrost threatens the supports of the Trans-Alaskan pipeline. Adding graphene coating to the current supports is a simple and cost-effective method to improve the structural integrity.
SEMICONDUCTORS
The pressure to decrease the size and increase the switching frequency of modern microelectronics, such as fifth-generation chips used in virtually all current cell phones and transmission systems, has created challenging performance demands that require new substrate and conductive materials that can resolve the tremendous power dissipation density that limits device performance, and the critical requirement for high-efficient thermal management systems
ENERGY AND POWER GENERATION
Graphene Enhanced Materials and Products
Graphene material composed of pure carbon, similar to graphite but with characteristics that make it extraordinarily strong and light. It is the most conductive materials for electricity and heat, making it the perfect material for electronics and many other industries. It is incredibly light and powerful. Graphene Oxide is also used in the energy industry in numerous ways
SOLAR CELLS AND PANELS
Graphene, capable of absorbing all light in its atomic monolayer, is able to capture the light of different colors, which make it ideal for the development of photosensitive materials for application in high efficiency photovoltaic solar collectors. In comparison, currently manufactured sensors developed with semiconductor materials such as silicon can only capture and absorb a part of the infrared radiation received from the sun.
ENERGY STORAGE AND BATTERY
At present, lithium-ion and lithium-metal batteries are the most energy-dense battery found in consumer electronics and have made devices like smartphones, drones, and electric cars possible. However, lithium batteries are volatile and need extensive safety circuitry to keep them stable. They also degrade with every recharge and there is a limit to how much power they can deliver at once. They also have to be charged slowly in order to avoid overheating and the resulting thermal runaway reaction and explosion if heat is not properly controlled or dissipated.
In comparison, due to its unique characteristics and properties, such as high electrical conductivity, high surface area, and excellent mechanical strength, graphene batteries are expected to outperform and essentially replace conventional lithium-based batteries within the next 3 to 5 years.
MILITARY AND DEFENSE
Graphene is a highly versatile and lightweight material that has a range of potential military and defense applications.
Graphene-based composites, which combine graphene and graphene polymers with other materials, have even more potential applications in the military.
CONCRETE AND CEMENT
GRAPHENE ADD MIX
Construction industries play a vital role in the economic development of any country. Nowadays, concrete is the most widely used construction material in the world with approximately 35 billion tons used per year and increasing daily.
Unfortunately, traditional concrete construction rapidly consumes natural resources, such as steel and cementitious minerals, which has resulted in chronic shortages of building materials, increasing costs of construction and delays in reconstruction and replacement.
INFRASTRUCTURE BRIDGE AND ROAD
Asphalt is a common paving material used for roads, parking lots, and other surfaces. However, it has some limitations, such as low resistance to cracking and degradation due to weathering and traffic. Graphene has the potential to revolutionize the construction and maintenance of roads and other asphalt surfaces.
CONSTRUCTION
There is a critical need and strong market demand for an ultra-strong, corrosion resistant, cost-effective material as a replacement for steel and cementitious minerals, that can not only dramatically improve thesafety factor, cost and longevity of a nation’s infrastructure, which is critical to economic, commercial and social well-being, but can alsoconserve natural resources and reduce dependencieson environmentally damaging production methods.
CLEAN SUSTAINABLE HYDROKENETIC AND ATMOSPHERIC WATER
Graphene has shown great potential for various applications in water filtration, water remediation, and waste treatments, as well as creating purified water from atmospheric conditions.
POLYMERS & PLASTICS
One of the most promising applications of graphene is its use as an additive in plastics, which has the potential to improve the mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of the resulting composite materials.
TRANSPORTATION
Graphene has several properties that make it a promising material for modernizing the largest and heaviest modes of transportation such as railroads, rail, large cargo shipping, to every other mode of transportation such as consumer daily automobiles to heavy military Air, Ground, and Sea transport
AGRICULTURE & FARMING
Graphene has the potential to revolutionize the field of farming and agriculture by providing new and innovative solutions for enhancing crop growth, soil health, and food safety.
HEALTHCARE AND MEDICINE
The attributes of graphene and its derivatives promising candidates for various biomedical applications, from targeted drug delivery and biosensing to tissue engineering and antimicrobial surfaces, graphene-based materials have the potential to revolutionize various aspects of healthcare, improving diagnosis, treatment, and patient outcomes
